MushroomExpert.Com

North American Trees

by Michael Kuo

Mushrooms and trees are inextricably linked. Most trees cannot survive without mycorrhizal partners from the fungal world—and saprobic fungi play a vital role in forest ecosystems, decomposing tree litter. Thus identifying trees is essential to understanding and identifying mushrooms.



Abies balsamea
Abies lasiocarpa

Acer glabrum
Acer negundo
Acer pensylvanicum
Acer rubrum
Acer saccharinum
Acer saccharum

Aesculus glabra

Alder:
     Speckled Alder (Alnus incana rugosa)
     Thinleaf Alder (Alnus incana tenuifolia)

Alnus incana rugosa
Alnus incana tenuifolia

Arbutus menziesii

Arctostaphylos manzanita

Ash:
     Green Ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica)
     White Ash (Fraxinus americana)

Asimina triloba

Aspen:
     Quaking Aspen (Populus tremuloides)
     Big-Toothed Aspen (Populus grandidentata)

Baldcypress (Taxodium distichum)

Basswood:
     American Basswood (Tilia americana)

Beech:
     American Beech (Fagus grandifolia)
     Blue Beech (Carpinus caroliniana)

Betula alleghaniensis
Betula lenta
Betula nigra
Betula occidentalis
Betula papyrifera
Betula pendula

Birch:
     European White Birch (Betula pendula)
     Paper Birch (Betula papyrifera)
     River Birch (Betula nigra)
     Sweet Birch (Betula lenta)
     Water Birch (Betula occidentalis)
     Yellow Birch (Betula alleghaniensis)

Box Elder (Acer negundo)

Buckeye:
     Ohio Buckeye (Aesculus glabra)

Carpinus caroliniana

Carya (Synoptic Key to Hickories)  
Carya alba
Carya glabra
Carya illinoinensis
Carya ovalis
Carya ovata

Cedar:
     Eastern Red Cedar (Juniperus virginiana)
     Northern White Cedar (Thuja occidentalis)

Celtis occidentalis

Cercis canadensis

Cercocarpus montanus

Cherry:
     Black Cherry (Prunus serotina)

Cornus florida

Cottonwood:
     Eastern Cottonwood (Populus deltoides)
     Narrowleaf Cottonwood (Populus angustifolia)
     Plains Cottonwood (Populus deltoides ssp. monilifera)

Cupressus macrocarpa

Cypress:
     Monterey Cypress (Cupressus macrocarpa)

Diospyros virginiana

Dogwood:
     Flowering Dogwood (Cornus florida)

Douglas-Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii)

Elm:
     American Elm (Ulmus americana)
     Slippery Elm (Ulmus rubra)
     Winged Elm (Ulmus alata)

Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.)

Fagus grandifolia

Fir:
     Balsam Fir (Abies balsamea)
     Douglas-Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii)
     Subalpine Fir (Abies lasiocarpa)

Fraxinus americana
Fraxinus pennsylvanica

Gleditsia triacanthos

Hackberry (Celtis occidentalis)

Hemlock:
     Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis)

Hickory:
     Synoptic Key to Hickories  
     Mockernut Hickory (Carya alba)
     Pignut Hickory (Carya glabra)
     Red Hickory (Carya ovalis)
     Shagbark Hickory (Carya ovata)

Holly:
     American Holly (Ilex opaca)

Hop Hornbeam (Ostrya virginiana)

Hornbeam (Carpinus caroliniana)

Ilex opaca

Juglans nigra

Juniper:
     Rocky Mountain Juniper (Juniperus scopulorum)
     Utah Juniper (Juniperus osteosperma)

Juniperus scopulorum
Juniperus osteosperma
Juniperus virginiana

Larch:
     Eastern Larch (Larix laricina)
     European Larch (Larix decidua)

Larix decidua (European)
Larix laricina

Liquidambar styraciflua

Liriodendron tulipifera

Lithocarpus densiflorus

Locust:
     Honey Locust (Gleditsia triacanthos)
     Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia)

Madrone:
     Pacific Madrone (Arbutus menziesii)

Magnolia:
     Big-Leaf Magnolia (Magnolia macrophylla)
     Fraser Magnolia (Magnolia fraseri)
     Southern Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora)

Magnolia fraseri
Magnolia grandiflora
Magnolia macrophylla

Manzanita (Arctostaphylos manzanita)

Maple:
     Dwarf Maple (Acer glabrum)
     Red Maple (Acer rubrum)
     Silver Maple (Acer saccharinum)
     Striped Maple (Acer pensylvanicum)
     Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum)

Mountain Mahoghany:
     Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany (Cercocarpus montanus)

Oak:
     Black Oak (Quercus velutina)
     Blackjack Oak (Quercus marilandica)
     Bur Oak (Quercus macrocarpa)
     Chestnut Oak (Quercus montana)
     Chinkapin Oak (Quercus muehlenbergii)
     Coast Live Oak (Quercus agrifolia)
     Gambel Oak (Quercus gambelii)
     Northern Red Oak (Quercus rubra)
     Overcup Oak (Quercus lyrata)
     Pagoda Oak (Quercus pagoda)
     Pin Oak (Quercus palustris)
     Post Oak (Quercus stellata)
     Scarlet Oak (Quercus coccinea)
     Shingle Oak (Quercus imbricaria)
     Southern Live Oak (Quercus virginiana)
     Southern Red Oak (Quercus falcata)
     Swamp White Oak (Quercus bicolor)
     Tanoak / Tanbark Oak (Lithocarpus densiflorus)
     White Oak (Quercus alba)
     Water Oak (Quercus nigra)
     Willow Oak (Quercus phellos)

Ostrya virginiana

Pawpaw (Asimina triloba)

Pecan (Carya illinoinensis)

Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana)

Picea abies
Picea engelmannii
Picea glauca
Picea pungens
Picea rubens

Pine:
     Bishop Pine (Pinus muricata)
     Colorado Bristlecone Pine (Pinus aristata)
     Colorado Pinyon Pine (Pinus edulis)
     Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus)
     Jack Pine (Pinus banksiana)
     Limber Pine (Pinus flexilis)
     Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda)
     Lodgepole Pine (Pinus contorta)
     Longleaf Pine (Pinus palustris)
     Monterey Pine (Pinus radiata)
     Pitch Pine (Pinus rigida)
     Ponderosa Pine (Pinus ponderosa)
     Red Pine (Pinus resinosa)
     Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris)
     Shortleaf Pine (Pinus echinata)
     Stone Pine (Pinus pinea, European)
     Table Mountain Pine (Pinus pungens)
     Virginia Pine (Pinus virginiana)

Pinus aristata
Pinus banksiana
Pinus contorta
Pinus echinata
Pinus edulis
Pinus flexilis
Pinus muricata
Pinus palustris
Pinus pinea (European)
Pinus ponderosa
Pinus pungens
Pinus radiata
Pinus resinosa
Pinus rigida
Pinus strobus
Pinus sylvestris
Pinus taeda
Pinus virginiana

Platanus occidentalis

Poplar (see also Cottonwoods and Aspens):
      Balsam Poplar (Populus balsamifera)
     "Tulip Poplar" (Liriodendron tulipifera)
      White Poplar (Populus alba)
     "Yellow Poplar" (Liriodendron tulipifera)

Populus alba
Populus angustifolia
Populus balsamifera
Populus deltoides
Populus deltoides ssp. monilifera
Populus grandidentata
Populus tremuloides

Prunus serotina

Pseudotsuga menziesii

Quercus agrifolia
Quercus alba
Quercus bicolor
Quercus coccinea
Quercus falcata
Quercus gambelii
Quercus imbricaria
Quercus lyrata
Quercus macrocarpa
Quercus marilandica
Quercus montana
Quercus muehlenbergii
Quercus nigra
Quercus pagoda
Quercus palustris
Quercus phellos
Quercus rubra
Quercus stellata
Quercus velutina
Quercus virginiana

Redbud:
     Eastern Redbud (Cercis canadensis)

Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens)

Rhododendron:
     Great Rhododendron (Rhododendron maximum)

Rhododendron maximum

Robinia pseudoacacia

Salix interior
Salix lasiolepis
Salix nigra

Sassafras (Sassafras albidum)

Sequoia sempervirens

Spruce:
     Blue Spruce (Picea pungens)
     Engelmann Spruce (Picea engelmannii)
     Norway Spruce (Picea abies)
     Red Spruce (Picea rubens)
     White Spruce (Picea glauca)

Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua)

Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis)

Tamarack

Tanoak

Taxodium distichum

Thuja occidentalis

Tilia americana

Tsuga canadensis

Tulip Tree

Ulmus alata
Ulmus americana
Ulmus rubra

Walnut:
     Black Walnut (Juglans nigra)

Willow:
     Arroyo Willow (Salix lasiolepis)
     Black Willow (Salix nigra)
     Sandbar Willow (Salix interior)


 

Pinus aristata
Bristlecone pine

Sequoia sempervirens
Redwood Forest

Cornus florida
Flowering Dogwood Bark

Cercis canadensis
Eastern Redbud

Taxodium distichum
Baldcypress Swamp

Sassafras albidum
Sassafras Leaves

Populus angustifolia
Narrowleaf Cottonwoods

Quercus lyrata
Overcup Oak Acorns

Picea engelmannii
Engelmann Spruce

Pinus muricata
Bishop Pine

Quercus rubra
Northern Red Oak Buds

Oak-Hickory Woods
Oak-Hickory Woods

Quercus muehlenbergii
Chinkapin Oak Leaves

Arbutus menziesii
Pacific Madrone Leaves

Betula papyrifera
Paper Birch Bark

Carpinus caroliniana
Hornbeam Bark

Pinus contorta
Lodgepole Pine

Quercus nigra
Water Oak Leaves

Cupressus macrocarpa
Monterey Cypress Stature


References:


Ackerfield, J. (2015). Flora of Colorado. Fort Worth, Texas: Botanical Institute of Texas Press. 818 pp.

Cripps, C. L., V. S. Evenson & M. Kuo (2016). The essential guide to Rocky Mountain mushrooms by habitat. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. 260 pp.

Flora of North America Association (n. d.). Flora of North America. Retrieved from http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=1

Harlow, W. M. (1946/1959). Fruit key and twig key to trees and shrubs. New York: Dover. 56 pp.

Jones, G. N. (1971). Flora of Illinois. Notre Dame, IN: U Notre Dame P. 401 pp.

Jones, R. L. (2005). Plant life of Kentucky: an illustrated guide to the vascular flora. Lexington, KY: University Press of Kentucky. 835 pp.

Kershaw, L. (2007). Trees of Illinois. Washington: Lone Pine. 304 pp.

Kricher, J. & Morrison, G. (1988). Eastern Forests. Peterson Field Guides. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. 488 pp.

Miller, H. A. & H. E. Jacques (1978). How to know the trees. USA: Wm. C. Brown. 263 pp.

Mitchell, A. (1987). The Trees of North America. San Diego: Thunder Bay Press. 208 pp.

Mohlenbrock, R. H. (1978). Forest Trees of Illinois. Illinois: Illinois Department of Natural Resources. 331 pp.

Mohlenbrock, R. H. (2014). Vascular flora of Illinois: a field guide. Fourth edition. USA: Southern Illinois University Press. 536 pp.

Peattie, D. C. (1950/1991). A Natural History of Western Trees. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. 751 pp.

Peattie, D. C. (1948/1991). A Natural History of Trees of Eastern and Central North America. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. 606 pp.

Preston, R. J. (1989). North American Trees. Ames: Iowa State University Press. 407 pp.

Sibley, D. A. (2009). The Sibley guide to trees. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 425 pp.

Stevens, P. F. (2007). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Retrieved November, 2018 from http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb

Voss, E. G. & A. A. Reznicek (2012). Field manual of Michigan flora. USA: University of Michigan Press. 990 pp.



Cite this page as:

Kuo, M. (2018, November). North American trees. Retrieved from the MushroomExpert.Com Web site: http://www.mushroomexpert.com/trees

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