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Amanita submaculata

[ Basidiomycetes > Agaricales > Amanitaceae > Amanita . . . ]

by Michael Kuo

One of several confusingly similar brown species of Amanita in eastern North America, Amanita submaculata features a radially streaked, grayish brown cap, and an ample white ring that is usually positioned at the very apex of the stem. The stem base features a few loosely adherent fragments of whitish to gray universal veil material, and the odor is frequently sweetish and fruity.

Thanks to Charles Rader for collecting, documenting, and preserving a specimen of Amanita submaculata for study; his collection is deposited in The Herbarium of Michael Kuo.

Description:

Ecology: Mycorrhizal with oaks; growing alone, scattered, or gregariously; summer through fall; probably widely distributed east of the Great Plains. The illustrated and described collections are from Illinois, North Carolina, and Massachusetts.

Cap: 4–10 cm; egg-shaped to convex at first, expanding to planoconvex or flat; tacky when fresh but soon dry; bald; very dark gray-brown at first, becoming grayish brown with a darker center and a paler margin; radially streaked; occasionally with a few small, whitish to grayish patches or warts, especially over the center; sometimes developing whitish spots and lines; the margin not lined, or slightly lined at maturity.

Gills: Free from the stem or slightly attached to it; close or nearly crowded; white; with frequent short-gills.

Stem: 5-15 cm long; 0.5-2 cm thick; tapering slightly to apex; basal bulb slightly enlarged or not; with an ample white ring that is usually attached at the apex of the stem; whitish under brownish fibrils; base often featuring loosely adhering fragments or ringlets of whitish to gray universal veil material.

Flesh: White; not staining on exposure.

Odor: Sweetish and fruity, or not distinctive.

Chemical Reactions: KOH negative to slightly yellowish on cap surface.

Spore Print: White.

Microscopic Features: Spores 6.5–9 x 4–6 µm; ellipsoid; smooth; amyloid. Basidia 4-spored; unclamped. Pleurocystidia not found. Cheilocystidia not found. Pileipellis an ixocutis or cutis of hyaline elements 2.5–7.5 µm wide. Lamellar trama bilateral; subhymenium ramose. Velar sphaerocysts 10–20 µm; subglobose; smooth; hyaline in KOH.


REFERENCES: Peck, 1900. (Jenkins, 1986; Tulloss, 2013.) Herb. Kuo 06119504, 08010301, 06140804, 09181202, 06131805, 10041802.


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Amanita submaculata

Amanita submaculata

Amanita submaculata

Amanita submaculata

Amanita submaculata
Spores



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Kuo, M. (2013, May). Amanita submaculata. Retrieved from the MushroomExpert.Com Web site: http://www.mushroomexpert.com/amanita_submaculata.html