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Amanita parcivolvata

[ Basidiomycetes > Agaricales > Amanitaceae > Amanita . . . ]

by Michael Kuo

This beautiful Amanita features a red to orange cap, pale yellow gills, a dusty yellow stem that lacks a ring, indistinct universal veil fragments left on the base of the stem, and scattered warts on the cap surface. It is an eastern and southeastern, oak-loving species that is frequently found in grassy, disturbed-ground areas like picnic areas, lawns, ditches, roadbanks, and so on--though it appears in woods as well.

Because of its red color and whitish warts, Amanita parcivolvata is often mistaken for the infamous Amanita muscaria, but that species is usually stockier and features more prominent warts, a ring, and a distinctive stem base encircled by concentric zones of shagginess (additionally, in most areas where Amanita parcivolvata occurs, the common variety of Amanita muscaria is var. guessowii, which is yellow).

Description:

Ecology: Mycorrhizal with oaks, and often reported under pines in "mixed woods"; growing alone or gregariously; common in grassy, disturbed-ground settings but also found in woods; spring through fall; eastern and southeastern United States (documented in North America from New Jersey to Florida and Texas; I have found it in Pennsylvania and Illinois).

Cap: 3-7 cm; convex to broadly convex, flat, or shallowly depressed; sticky when fresh; bald underneath scattered white to yellowish dust, warts or patches; red to orange-red or orange, fading fairly quickly from the margin inward; the margin becoming strongly lined.

Gills: Free from the stem or nearly so; close or nearly crowded; creamy to pale yellow; dusted; short-gills infrequent to occasional.

Stem: 4-12 cm long; up to about 1.5 cm thick; tapering slightly to the apex; with a very slightly swollen base; lacking a ring; pale yellow; dusted; base with with powdery, indistinct, whitish to yellow volval remnants (often left on surrounding soil when the mushroom is picked).

Flesh: Pale yellow; unchanging when sliced.

Odor: Not distinctive.

Chemical Reactions: KOH on cap surface erasing red and orange pigment to yellow.

Spore Print: White.

Microscopic Features: Spores 8-10 x 6-8 µ; smooth; ellipsoid; inamyloid. Basidia 4-spored; rarely with basal clamps. Pileipellis an ixocutis of hyphae 2-7 µ wide. Lamellar trama bilateral; subhymenium ramose.


REFERENCES: (Peck, 1900) E. -J. Gilbert, 1941. (Saccardo, 1902; Smith, Smith & Weber, 1979; Jenkins, 1986; Lincoff, 1992; Roody, 2003; Binion et al., 2008; Tulloss, 2013.) Herb. Kuo 07110706, 07250901.


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Amanita parcivolvata

Amanita parcivolvata

Amanita parcivolvata

Amanita parcivolvata

Amanita parcivolvata

Amanita parcivolvata
Spores



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Kuo, M. (2013, May). Amanita parcivolvata. Retrieved from the MushroomExpert.Com Web site: http://www.mushroomexpert.com/amanita_parcivolvata.html